INTRODUCTION

 
 
This database attempts to record all births,  baptisms,  marriages, defacto 
relationships, deaths & burials for the second decade  of settlement  in the 
colony of New South Wales, that is  from  1801 until 1810.
 
 
Principle Sources of Birth Information
 
The six major sources of information on the genealogical  details presented in 
this work were derived from:
 
     1. St Phillips Sydney Registers
     2. St Johns Parramatta Registers
     3. St Davids Hobart Registers
     4. St Matthews Windsor Registers
     5. Norfolk Island and its First Settlement - Reginald Wright
     6. The Pioneer Register - Dr C J Smee
 
 
1. St Phillips Sydney Registers
 
In  collecting early baptismal records, it was fortunate to  have access  to  
the  hand  written  transcription  of  the  Baptismal Register  of St Phillips, 
undertaken by the late Joan Provis.  It is understood that she may have had access 
to the actual register in  the late 1960's before it was microfilmed and withdrawn  
from public  access.  In any case her records were then  compared  and cross 
referenced with the microfilm held by the National  Library in Canberra.
 
The Reverend Richard Johnson was the colony's first chaplain  and it  was  he 
who commenced the register. Baptisms in  St  Phillips register  actually begin 
before the First Fleet left  England  in 1787.  Similarly  the Rev Johnson 
commenced his  burial  register before  the  fleet left England and continued 
to  record  burials during  the voyage to Australia. 
 
The Reverend Richard Johnson left the colony in 1800 to return to England,  
leaving  poor  Reverend  Samuel  Marsden  as  the  sole chaplain  to  administer 
to the entire colony,  which  of  course included   the   management  of  the  
St   Phillips   register's. Fortunately  several  missionaries  from  the  London  
Missionary Society visited the colony around this time and Marsden was  able 
to delegate some of the parish work to these men, such as Rowland Hassall  and  
William Pascoe Crook. As well the  exiled  Anglican priest, the Reverend Henry 
Fulton, had been transported in  1800, who after initially serving no Norfolk 
Island, returned to Sydney Town  in 1806 to take over the care of St Phillips 
just  in  time before Marsden himself left for a visit to England 1807 - 1810.
 
Of  course the working of the parish was interrupted by the  "Rum Rebellion" 
by the New South Wales Corps on the 26th January  1808 when interestingly two 
Justices of the Peace; Charles Grimes  and Edward Abbott, took over some of the 
ceremonies of the parish.
 
One of the reasons for Marsden's visit to England was to  recruit more clergymen 
and the first of these to reach the colony was the Reverend William Cowper who 
arrived in 1809 to commence his  long years  of continuous service as the Rector 
of St  Phillips  until his death in 1852 and interestingly after his death his 
son, also William,  replaced him. Cowper was the last man in the colony  to hold 
a commission granted by King George III.
 
 
2. St Johns Parramatta Registers
 
As was the case with St Phillips, access was had to the late Joan Provis's  hand  
written  transcription  of  St  Johns   baptismal register and again a comparison 
was made with the microfilm  held by the National Library in Canberra.
 
The  Reverend  Johnson commenced the colony's  second  parish  at Parramatta 
in 1789 along with its accompanying birth, burial  and marriage  registers.  When  
the  second  colonial  chaplain,  the Reverend Samuel Marsden arrived in 1794, 
he took over the care of this Parramatta parish.
 
St Johns was effected by Marsden's  visit to England in 1807-1810 when  the parish 
affairs were managed by the  missionary  William Pascoe Crook and then two laymen, 
Isaac Lyons and Richard Jones.
 
 
3. St Davids Hobart Registers
 
An  online database held in the National Library of Australia  in Canberra   called  
the  "Tasmanian  Pioneer   Index:   1803-1899" published  by the Archives Office 
of Tasmania was the  source  of information on baptisms from this church.
 
St David's Church Hobart  in Van Diemens Land had a very  similar beginning  to  
St Phillips in New South Wales, insomuch  as  both church  registers  were 
commenced on the voyage from  England  to Australia.  In  St  David's case, the  
Reverend  Robert  Knopwood recorded the first baptism at sea on board 'HMS 
Calcutta' on  the 6th  June  1803. The first burial occured at sea  on  board  
'HMS Calcutta' on the 13th March 1803. Even the first marriage occured at sea 
on board 'HMS Calcutta' on the 23rd  April 1803,  followed by one at Port Phillip 
Bay.
 
 
4. St Matthews Windsor Registers
 
The   Lake  Macquarie  Family  History  Group  has   conveniently published nearly 
all the parish registers for St Matthews  making access to their information 
readily available to a wide  audience but  again a comparison was made with the 
microfilm held  by  the National Library in Canberra. 
 
Records  for St Matthews commence in late 1810. The first  rector of St Matthews 
was the second of Marsden's recruits, the Reverend Robert  Cartwright who arrived 
in 1810 and served at St  Matthews until 1819.
 
 
5. Norfolk Island and its First Settlement - Reginald Wright 
 
For  his book Mr Wright has searched the victualling  lists  from the  commissariat 
records of Norfolk Island from 1788 until  1814 to produce his list of children 
(and others). 
 
A  close inspection of Mr Wright's list of Norfolk Island  births will  reveal  
that it is longer than the one  presented  in  this work,  the  reason  being 
that any child baptised  in  Sydney  is listed  under that baptismal record rather 
than  the  victualling record. Also not all children living on the island at 
one time or another  were necessarily born there, many were either  childhood 
arrivals to the colony or born at Port Jackson.
 
The completeness of these Norfolk Island records, and the list in this  book,  
is dependent of course on the  thoroughness  of  the research  of  Mr Wright. 
The victualling records  have  not  been independently verified.
 
 
6. Index to Tasmanian Births/Baptisms 1803 to 1840 - A M Buchanan
 
Mr Buchanan in his book indexes all known births for Van  Diemens Land  for  the  
years 1803 to 1840. Being an  'index'  it  simply points  to  the original source 
document and  thus  unfortunately only lists the year of birth and gives no 
further details such as parents  or  place  of  birth. Happily  the  vast  majority  
were baptized at either St Davids Hobart or St Johns Launceston and as a 
consequence are not repeated in this list.
 
The remaining few entries come from either; "CSO 1/122" which  is from  a census 
of children conducted in 1827, the locality  given is  the  place of residence 
not birth; or "MM1" which is  from  a series  of  musters of children conducted 
for Port  Dalrymple  in 1820 and 1821.
 
The problem with both these sources is that it is not certain the children  were 
actually born in Van Diemens Land. They  may  have come from England with their 
parents or be from the mainland.
 
 
7. The Pioneer Register - Dr C J Smee
 
The Pioneer Register project is a collection of family trees  for persons  
arriving in the colony between in years 1788  and  1820. The  project was commenced 
in the early 1970's and to  date  four thousand families have been published 
in over 58 separate  books. The  books are published in two editions, the first 
being a  soft covered  production  containing  100 families.  When  five  first 
edition  volumes have been produced ie 500 families,  plus  their accompanying  
spouse  supplement,  they are  amalgamated  into  a second edition which is a 
more handsome hard covered  production. Four special series volumes have also 
been published as spin offs of  the  main  body of the Register; "First,  Second,  
Third  and Fourth  Fleet  Families  of Australia" their  titles  being  self 
explanatory.
 
The Register aims to collect 33 separate pieces of information on each pioneer:-
 
             1. Christian Name(s)
             2. Surname
             3. Exact Date of Birth
             4. Place of Birth
             5. Christian Name(s) of Father
             6. Christian Name(s) of Mother
             7. Maiden Name of Mother
             8. Exact Date of Arrival
             9. Ship of Arrival
            10. Status upon Arrival
            11. Exact Date of Death
            12. Place of Death
            13. Church/Place of Burial
            14. Exact Date of Marriage
            15. Church/Place of Marriage
            16. Christian Name(s) of Spouse
            17. Surname of Spouse
            18. Status of Spouse 
            19. Total Number of Children
            20. Christian Name(s) of Each Child
            21. Exact Date of Birth of Each Child
            22. Place of Birth of Each Child
            23. Exact Date of Death of Each Child
            24. Place of Death of Each Child
            25. Exact Date of Marriage of Each Child
            26. Church/Place of Marriage of Each Child
            27. Christian Name(s) of Spouse of Each Child
            28. Surname of Spouse of Each Child
            29. Status of Spouse of Each Child
            30. Total Number of Children of Each Child
            31. Christian Name(s) of Each Grandchild
            32. Exact Date of Birth of Each Grandchild
            33. Place of Birth of Each Grandchild
 
The  family trees only extend as far as the grandchildren of  the Pioneer and 
this was decided upon for three reasons. Firstly,  it allowed  for a 
straightforward layout of the family tree, on  one page in most cases, which 
is, both simple and clear. Secondly, in many  ways  the two generations represent 
a  'functional'  family unit.  No  doubt many of the Pioneers would have heard  
the  wish expressed  at their nuptial service that they should live to  see their  
children's  children.  Even today  the  vast  majority  of families consist of 
grandparents, parents and children so what is presented in most cases, 
represents the family that the  original Pioneer  actually knew. That is not 
to say however that  in  some families  further  generations are not shown, as 
when  a  Pioneer married  the  daughter  of an earlier Pioneer,  for  example  
the grandchildren of Thomas Carpenter are the great-grandchildren  of William 
Shaw, and in the case of James Boyce who married Margaret Shortland, his 
grandchildren are the great-great-grandchildren of John  Shortland.  Thirdly, 
two generations will see  most  family trees,  if  not all, past 1856 when  
compulsory  registration  of births,  deaths,  and marriages began in New South  
Wales.  After 1856  genealogical  research  is  comparatively  easy  using  the 
facilities  of  the Registrar General's Department,  whereas  pre 1856  details  
need access to sources such as those held  by  the Mitchell   Library,  the  State  
Archives  and  the  Society   of Australian  Genealogists,  which are not  readily  
accessible  to people  outside the metropolitan area and require some degree  
of skill  in  handling.  It is hoped that the  Register  acts  as  a genealogical 
service to such people.
 
The  second edition volumes are divided into four  sections;  the main  body  
of the work containing the family trees,  the  spouse supplement, the son & 
daughter-in-law index and the chronology.
 
The  number  of families published in the Register  thus  far  is 4,000.  When 
one adds the spouses to these 4,000  Pioneers,  plus their  14,000 children and 
over 47,000 grandchildren, plus  5,000 sons  & daughters-in-law, one arrives 
at a total of  over  73,000  names, making  the Pioneer Register project one  
of  the  largest genealogical works ever published in this country. 
 
The  research  on The Pioneer Register project  has  resulted  in numerous 
individuals being identified whose births did not appear in any of the other 
sources. By approaching the problem from  the other  end  as  it  were, descendants 
have  been  able  to  trace themselves  back to individuals who obviously must  
have  existed but were not otherwise identified anywhere else.
 
It should be noted as well that the Pioneer Register project  was the  principle 
source of information on the marriages and  deaths of the First Generation.
 
 
The Paracencus of New South Wales - James Donohoe
 
This section on the sources of information could not be concluded without  
mentioning Mr Donohoe's major opus, documenting  births, deaths  &  marriages 
in the colony from 1788 to 1828,  which  has been  of immense assistance in solving 
many of those  tantalizing mysteries  which  one  constantly encounters  in  early  
colonial genealogical research.
 
 
With regard to the Births the aim was to identify the parents  of each child 
by researching when they arrived in the colony and  in what  capacity.  There  
were  3,142  births  recorded  and  1,038 baptisms. The identities of 74% of 
the fathers were found and 77% of the mothers.
 
With  regard to the Marriages the aim was to identify each  bride and  groom 
by researching when they arrived in the colony and  in what capacity as well 
as determining their age at marriage. There were 539 marriages recorded. The 
identities of 93% of the  grooms were found and 91% of the brides.
 
Since  around  half of the births were  illegitimate,  it  seemed important  to  
include  the  De  Facto  Relationships  as   well. Obviously  only those 
relationships which produced  children  are included.  There were 511 
relationships recorded. The  identities of 89% of the 'grooms' were found and 
87% of the 'brides'.
 
With  regard  to the Deaths the aim was to identify each  of  the deceased  by 
researching when they arrived in the colony  and  in what  capacity as well as 
determining their age at death. In  the case  of the colonial born the aim was 
to identify the  names  of their  parents.  There  were  1,820  deaths  recorded  
and  1,501 burials. The identities of 84% of the deceased were found.
 
A  particular  type  of death,  namely  Judicial  Execution,  was thought to 
be of particular interest to the modern reader and all 49  known  hangings have 
been collected in the  Appendices  along with their crimes if known.
 
For  completeness Childhood Arrivals have been included  for  the 260 children 
who were not born in the colony but arrived as young children.  After all, those 
who arrived very young would have  an early  life  experience  not  very  dissimilar  
from  the  actual colonial  born  and were often their siblings.  For  no  specific 
reason the age of ten has been selected as the cut off point  for inclusion in 
this category.
 
 
Local Historical Developments
 
The first decade of the nineteenth century was much more eventful than  the  last 
decade of the eighteenth century for  the  infant colony.
 
Captain Phillip Gidley King RN replaced Captain John Hunter RN to become  the  
third governor of the English colony  of  New  South Wales in 1800. King in turn 
was replaced by Captain William Bligh RN  in  1806,  the last of the Royal Navy 
governors  only  to  be removed  in  rather dramatic circumstances in January 
1808  by  a military  coup  (of which more later). After an  inter-regnum  of 
three years the first of the Military governors arrived in person of Colonel 
Lachlan Macquarie.
 
In  almost  every  respect;  historical,  political,  economical, social - the 
first decade of the 19th century very much  belonged to the New South Wales Corps. 
This regiment, formed  specifically for service in the infant colony, and 
somewhat unfairly  referred to  as "The Rum Corps" reached both the zenith and 
nadir  of  its brief twenty year existence in this period.
 
Whilst  the  convict element of the naiscent society  is  usually credited   with   
the  creation  of  many   of   the   subsequent characteristics  associated  with  
"Australianess"  -   mateship, egalitarianism,  larikanism  come readily to mind 
- not  so  well appreciated  is the influence of the Corps in establishing  other 
characteristics like entrepreneurship, initiative and  exploiting 
opportunities when they arise. Who knows how retarded the  colony might  have  
been if it were not for the officers  of  the  Corps grasping and promoting the 
trading and business opportunities the young  colony presented. Just the simple 
matter of  clearing  the land and establishing economical and productive farms 
was largely due  to  the officers taking over and  amalgamating  the  smaller 
convict plots to make them more profitable and efficient. Not  to mention  the  
pioneering  of the wool trade which  would  be  the financial life blood of the 
colony for over one hundred and fifty years.
 
The zenith of the Corps time in the colony would be the way  they behaved  to 
suppress an uprising by Irish convicts in  1804,  who planed  to  go on a murderous 
rampage throughout the  colony  and commandeer "HMS Porpoise" then in the harbour 
and make their  way back to Ireland. Fortunately the only colonist they murdered  
was the French aristocrat Chevalier Verincourt d'Clombe. One  company of  the  
Corps  under the command of Major  Johnson  and  Captain Antil,  after an epic 
all night forced march from their  barracks in Sydney town, tracked the rebels 
down near Castle Hill and even though greatly outnumbered, through their 
discipline and military proficiency completely routed the rebels and saved the 
lives  and property of the loyal English colonists.
 
The  nadir of the Corps time came on the 20th anniversary of  the colony's  
founding  when it rose in  rebellion  against  Governor Bligh. This action proved 
fatal to the Corps in the sense that as a result the Colonial Office decided 
to recall it from the colony and  include  it amongst the other regiments of  
the  line,  even renaming  it the 102nd Regiment. When Governor Macquarie  arrived 
to  resume control of the colony he came at the head of  his  own 73rd  Highland 
Regiment. The Corps departed in May  1810  onboard "HMS  Dromedary"  and "HMS 
Hindostan" taking many  of  the  First Generation  and the "Deuxieme Dizaine" 
with it. Incidentally  the return voyage was via Cape Horn making the New South 
Wales  Corps the first British regiment to circle the globe.
 
 
The major histo-geographical developments during this decade were the 
abandonment of one settlement and the establishment of  three more.
 
Norfolk Island
The settlement at Norfolk Island was abandoned after twenty  five years  in  1813  
and  all  the  inhabitants  moved  to  the   new settlements in Van Diemens Land. 
Most of this movement took place in 1807 and 1808 with the last remaining families 
being moved  to the new settlement at Port Dalrymple in 1813. 
 
In  a sad act of historical destruction, a clean up  party  under the  supervision 
of William Hutchinson was dispatched in 1814  to make the island uninhabitable 
for escaped convicts. The task  was carried  out  in biblical fashion with 'not 
a stone left  upon  a stone'  and  no physical trace of the island's  first  
settlement remains.
 
The book to read is "Norfolk Island and its First Settlement"  by Raymond Nobbs.
 
The Coal River
The  Coal  River (or Hunter River as it was renamed  by  Governor King in 1804 
after the Governor at the time of its discovery) was discovered by John Shortland, 
first lieutenant of 'HMS Reliance', in  September  1797 whilst in pursuit of  
escaped  convicts.  The original  name derives from the coal seams which Shortland  
noted in the cliffs. Shortland also reported fine stands of cedar trees which 
also excited the interest of the authorities in Sydney.
 
Looking to exploit the natural resources found there, in June 1801 Governor  King 
decided to found a settlement at the  Coal  River, under the command of Corporal 
Wixstead New South Wales Corps with 19  others. This first settlement attempt 
was not a  success  and after  only 8 months the first settlement was abandoned.  
However history was overtaking events and a second attempt at  settlement was 
soon put in train.
 
After  the Irish convict rebellion at Castle Hill in March  1804, Governor  King 
at once decided to establish a place of  secondary punishment at the Coal River 
where he could send the ring-leaders of  the  rebellion and any other convicts  
who  offended  against regulations.
 
On  this occasion Lieutenant Charles A F N Menzies of  the  Royal Marines  aboard  
'HMS  Calcutta'  was  appointed  Commandant  and Magistrate  of  the  settlement 
at Newcastle, in  the  county  of Northumberland  in late March 1804. He led 
a settlement party  of 40.  Coal no doubt influenced Governor King in the naming 
of  the settlement, as Newcastle-upon-Tyne was the principal town in  the  coal 
region of the county of Northumberland in England. 
 
This time the settlement succeeded with several of the  "Deuxieme Dizaine" moving 
there. From Newcastle settlement proceeded up the Hunter Valley to Singleton , 
Morpeth, Maitland (both named  after similar towns in Northumberland) and 
beyond.
 
The  book to read is  "The Birth of Newcastle" by  Wilfred  James Goold.
 
Van Diemens Land
In  1802 after a visit to Sydney by the French explorer  Nicholas Baudin  in  
his ships the 'Le Geographe'  and  'Le  Naturaliste', Governor King became 
convinced that the French were about to  lay claim  to  Van Diemens Land 
(discovered by  Dutch  explorer  Abel Tasman  in 1662 and named for Anthony Van 
Diemen,  the  Governor-General  of  the  Dutch  East  Indies)  and  to  plant  
a  French settlement on the new trade-route through Bass Straight. This led to  
a  flurry  of  settlement  activity  resulting  in  four  new settlements in 
the years 1803 and 1804. Two did not last,  Risdon Cove  and  Port  Phillip Bay 
but two did, Hobart  Town  and  Port Dalrymple.
 
These  two  settlements were to have great significance  for  the lives of those 
"Deuxieme Dizaine" members who were born or  lived on  Norfolk  Island and then 
subsequently moved  to  Van  Diemens Land.
 
Risdon Cove
King chose a young naval lieutenant, John Bowen, who had recently arrived on 
board 'HMS Glatton' to command the settlement  attempt at  the Derwent River. 
The Derwent River in Van Diemens Land  was named  in  1793 by Captain John Hayes 
after a river of  the  same name in his native County of Cumberland. He also 
gave Risdon Cove it's  name, after the second officer on board his ship the  'Duke 
of Clarence'.
 
In  September  1803 the 'Albion' and 'Lady  Nelson'  ferried  the first  49 persons 
to Risdon Cove. The first  military  contingent included  the  intrepid Corporal 
Wixted, perhaps that was  a  bad omen.
 
Unfortunately Risdon Cove proved to be a poor choice by Bowen for a  settlement,  
in that ships and boats  could  not  conveniently anchor  near to the shore to 
unload cargoes and the river  proved to  be  an unreliable source of water in 
summer.  The  settlement ultimately failed and in October 1804 was moved to David 
Collins' new colony at Hobart Town on the other side of the river.
 
The book to read is "John Bowen's Hobart:  The  Beginning  of European Settlement 
in Tasmania" by Phillip Tardiff. 
 
Port Phillip Bay
Upon  receiving  King's urgent advice about French  designs  upon Bass  Strait,  
Lord  Hobart  acted quickly  in  January  1803  by dispatching Lieutenant-Colonel 
David Collins (who had  previously arrived  with the First Fleet as 
Judge-Advocate)  as  Lieutenant-Governor of a new settlement to be made somewhere 
in Bass Strait, and  in  April  Collins  and his party  of  466  sailed  in  'HMS 
Calcutta',  accompanied  by  the  store-ship  'Ocean'  for   Port Phillip,  which 
they reached in October. In what was  becoming  a familiar  pattern  of  initial  
settlement,  Collins  decided  in January  1804 to move his settlement to the 
Derwent,  because  of the  poor quality of the soil and lack of fresh water,  
with  the added difficulty on this occasion of hostile natives. 
 
Hobart Town
Lieutenant  Bowen  gave  the name Hobart to  his  settlement,  in honour of Robert, 
Lord Hobart, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies at the time. Collins 
appropriated the name when the  two settlements merged.
 
It  was to this settlement that the Norfolk Island families  were moved  to  from 
1807 onwards. It comes as no surprise  that  they were settled in an area called 
New Norfolk.
 
The book to read is "Convicts Unbound" by Marjorie Tipping.
 
Port Dalrymple
Lord Hobart also gave instructions for a settlement on the  other side of the 
strait at Port Dalrymple.
   
Port  Dalrymple  in northern Van Diemens Land was  discovered  by Lieutenant  
Matthew Flinders in his sloop 'Norfolk'  in  November 1798  during  his  voyage 
of exploration which  proved  that  Van Diemens  Land was an island separated 
from the mainland  by  Bass Strait (named by Flinders for his fellow explorer 
Surgeon  George Bass). The port was named after Alexander Dalrymple, 
Hydrographer to the Admiralty, whose name had been mooted as the leader of the 
voyage  to  Tahiti to observe the transit of  Venus,  before  the choice fell 
upon James Cook.
 
For  this  settlement King selected  Lieutenant  Colonel  William Paterson  of  
the New South Wales Corps.  Paterson  received  his commission  and full 
instructions and sailed on October  1804  in 'HMS  Buffalo' in company with the 
'Lady Nelson',  'Francis'  and 'Integrity'.  Paterson's establishment consisted 
in total of  one hundred and eight-one persons.
 
Paterson  had  explored and named the Tamar river  in  honour  of Governor  King  
who had been born at Launceston on the  Tamar  in Cornwall, England. For once 
a settlement was made where the  land was fertile and well watered.
 
It  was  to  this  settlement that the  last  of  Norfolk  Island families were 
moved to in 1813.
 
The  book to read is "The Story of Port Dalrymple: Life and  Work in Northern 
Tasmania" by Llwelyn Slingsby Bethell.
 
 
International Historical Developments
 
King  George III continued upon the throne of England, albeit  in an  occasional  
state of porphyria induced  lunacy.  The  British prime ministership passed from 
William Pitt the Younger, to Henry Addington,  Lord  Grenville,  the Duke of  
Portland  and  Spencer Percival.The office of Colonial Secretary, so vital to 
the  young colony,  changed  from  Lord  Hobart  to  Earl  Camden,  Viscount 
Castlereagh  and Earl Liverpool, names which would  be  liberally sprinkled 
around its shores.
 
The loyal subjects in the colony would no doubt have reflected in the  glory 
of the Royal Navy with its monumental victory  at  the Battle  of  Trafalgar  
in  1805, leading as  it  did  to  British mastery  of  the seas for over one 
hundred years,  even  if  this great  joy  was saddened somewhat by the death  
of  the  battle's hero, Lord Horatio Nelson.
 
It  is  not recorded how the king's not so loyal  Irish  subjects responded  in 
1801 to the news of the Act of Union  with  Ireland being  joined  with  England, 
Wales and Scotland  to  create  the United Kingdom.
 
The  Treaty of Amiens in 1802 between Britain and France did  not last long. 
Not so heartening for the colonists would be the  news of  Napoleon's  continued  
string of military  victories  on  the continent;  1805 at the Battle of Austerlitz 
against  Russia  and Austria,  1806  at the Battle of Jena-Augstedt  against  
Prussia, 1807  at  the  Battle of Friedland against Russia,  1808  at  the Battle  
of Tudela against Spain, 1809 at the Battle  of  Landstat against  Austria.  On  
the other hand  maybe  the  colonists  had started  to  hear  of a General Arthur 
Wellesley  who  was  doing rather well on the Iberian peninsula. Perhaps the 
colonists would have  been  a little bemused to learn that Napoleon  had  crowned 
himself  Emporer in 1804 and proclaimed the First French  Empire. Napoleon  did  
not confine his conquests to the  battlefield,  in 1810,  abondoning his beloved 
Josephine, he married the  eighteen year  old Archduchess Maria Louisa - eldest 
daughter of Franz  II of Austria.
 
 
The abbreviations used in this database are explained below:
 
                    d = defacto
                    m = married
 
                    CF = came free
                    GS = government servant (convict)
                    FS = free by servitude (emancipist)
                    AP = free by absolute pardon
                    CP = free by conditional pardon
                    EX = exile
                    NE = never emigrated
                    -- = unknown
 
                    Eng  = England
                    Ire  = Ireland
                    Mal  = Malta
                    Sct  = Scotland
                    Wal  = Wales
 
                    CGH  = Cape of Good Hope
                    NY   = New York
 
                    Cvy  = Covertry
                    Dvn  = Devonshire
                    Dub  = Dublin
                    Esx  = Essex
                    Htf  = Hertfordshire
                    Knt  = Kent
                    Ldn  = London                    
                    Mdx  = Middlesex
                    Nfk  = Norfolk
                    Sfk  = Suffolk
                    Sry  = Surry
                    Sst  = Somerset
                    Ssx  = Sussex
                    Wil  = Wiltshire
                    Wwk  = Warwickshire 
                    Yrk  = Yorkshire
 
                    CCC  = Christ Church Castlereagh
                    CCN  = Christ Church Newcastle
                    NI   = Norfolk Island
                    NN   = New Norfolk
                    SAS  = St Andrews Sydney
                    SDH  = St Davids Hobart
                    SJL  = St Johns Launceston
                    SJP  = St Johns Parramatta
                    SJPT = St James Pitt Town
                    SJS  = St James Sydney
                    SJW  = St Johns Wilberforce
                    SLL  = St Lukes Liverpool
                    SMS  = St Marys Sydney
                    SMW  = St Matthews Windsor
                    SPC  = St Peters Campbelltown
                    SPR  = St Peters Richmond
                    SPS  = St Phillips Sydney
                    STPM = St Thomas Port Macquarie
                    STSR = St Thomas Sackville Reach
                    CE-V = Church of England - Van Diemens Land
                    CR-V = Church of Rome - Van Diemens Land
 
                    *    = duplicate entry
                    #    = previous decade


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